George van Driem, born 1957, is a linguist at Bern University, where he holds the chair of Historical Linguistics and directs the Linguistics Institute.
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George van Driem has conducted field research in the Himalayas since 1983. He was commissioned by the Royal Government of Bhutan to codify a grammar of the national language Dzongkha, design a phonological romanisation for the language known as Roman Dzongkha, and complete a survey of the language communities of the kingdom. He and native Dzongkha speaker Karma Tshering co-authored the authoritative textbook on Dzongkha. George van Driem has also written grammars of Limbu and Dumi, two Kiranti languages spoken in eastern Nepal, and the Bumthang language of central Bhutan. He authored a two-volume ethnolinguistic handbook of the greater Himalayan region entitled Languages of the Himalayas. Under a programme named Languages and Genes of the Greater Himalayan Region, conducted in collaboration with the Government of Nepal and the Royal Government of Bhutan, he collected DNA from many indigenous peoples of the Himalayas.
In Bern, George van Driem currently runs the research programme Strategische Zielsetzungen im Subkontinent (Strategic Objectives in the Subcontinent), which aims to analyse and describe endangered and poorly documented languages in South Asia. This programme of research is effectively a diversification of the Himalayan Languages Project, which he directed at Leiden University, where he held the chair of Descriptive Linguistics until 2009. He and his research team have documented over a dozen endangered languages of the greater Himalayan region, producing analytical grammars and lexica and recording morphologically analysed native texts.
His interdisciplinary research in collaboration with geneticists has led to advances in the reconstruction of Asian ethnolinguistic prehistory. Based on linguistic palaeontology, ethnolinguistic phylogeography, rice genetics and the Holocene distribution of faunal species, he identified the ancient Hmong-Mien and Austroasiatics as the first domesticators of Asian rice and published a theory on the homelands and prehistoric dispersal of the Hmong-Mien, Austroasiatic and Trans-Himalayan linguistic phyla. His historical linguistic work on linguistic phylogeny has replaced the unsupported Sino-Tibetan hypothesis with the older, more agnostic Tibeto-Burman phylogenetic model, for which he proposed the neutral geographical name Trans-Himalayan in 2004. He developed the Darwinian theory of language known as Symbiosism, and he is author of the philosophy of Symbiomism.
Please see George van Driem's publication list.
van Driem, George (2011). "The ethnolinguistic identity of the domesticators of Asian rice". Comptes Rendus Palevol, doi:10.1016/j.crpv.2011.07.004.
van Driem, George (2011). "Tibeto-Burman subgroups and historical grammar". Himalayan Linguistics, 10 (1): 31-39.
van Driem, George (2008). "The origin of language: Symbiosism and Symbiomism", pp. 381-400 in John D. Bengtson, ed., In Hot Pursuit of Language in Prehistory. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
van Driem, George (2007). "Austroasiatic phylogeny and the Austroasiatic homeland in light of recent population genetic studies". Mon–Khmer Studies, 37: 1–14.
van Driem, George (2007). "The diversity of the Tibeto-Burman language family and the linguistic ancestry of Chinese", Bulletin of Chinese Linguistics, 1 (2): 211-270.
van Driem, George (2003). "The Language Organism: The Leiden theory of language evolution", in Jiří Mírovský, Anna Kotěšovcová and Eva Hajičová, eds., Proceedings of the XVIIth International Congress of Linguists, Prague, July 24–29, 2003. Prague: Matematicko-fyzikální fakulty Univerzity Karlovy.
van Driem, George (2003). "Tibeto-Burman Phylogeny and Prehistory: Languages, Material Culture and Genes", Chapter 19 in Peter Bellwood and Colin Renfrew, eds., Examining the Farming/Language Dispersal Hypothesis. Cambridge: McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research.